For the most part, Richard Nixon excepted, presidents have understood their role to include following the law. That didn’t mean they couldn’t test the law or try to push the edges as far as they would bend, but ultimately concede that they were constrained by the law. But that, of course, doesn’t help a president to know what the law is, and where the outer perimeter lies. So the president would turn to the Office of Legal Counsel in the Justice Department for a legal opinion when there was a question as to whether something he wanted to do (or did and got caught) was legal.
OLC is the place where water-boarding torture was rationalized as lawful. OLC said it was okay to use a drone to kill an American citizen, Anwar al-Awlacki. The thing was that OLC put its opinions into memos that provided written explanation for why something was lawful. It wasn’t so much that OLC could not be wrong, as OLC correctness could be determined and challenged. Continue reading
