The Violence of the Computer Gangs

The one thing that could be said in favor of white collar crime is that while it usually involved vastly greater loss, it was only money.  Bernie Madoff never took out a competitor with a bullet. He ruined lives with a calculator instead. Whether this is better or worse is a matter of personal taste, but his victims and competition lived to tell about it.

Bill Bratton says that’s changing.

Local crews also have a new source of income. To an astonishing degree, crew members are learning the skills of credit card fraud — stealing with computers, embossing machines, and stacks of blank cards instead of resorting to robbery and burglary. Yet despite their migration to white-collar crime, they show no signs of becoming less violent.

And Colleen Long at the AP runs with this “new” threat:

The Van Dyke Money Gang in New York made off with more than $1.5 million this year — but it wasn’t in gunpoint robberies or drug running, it was a Western Union money order scheme. In New Jersey, 111 Neighborhood Crips used a machine to make dozens of fake gift cards for supermarkets, pharmacies and hardware stores. In South Florida, gangs steal identities to file false tax returns.

These aren’t members of an organized Mafia or band of hackers. They’re street crews and gangs netting millions in white-collar schemes like identity theft and credit card fraud — in some instances, giving up the old ways of making an illicit income in exchange for easier crimes with shorter sentences.

Welcome to the next hysteria.  There is absolutely nothing about these schemes that hasn’t been readily apparent to anyone with a computer for the past decade, if not generation. But at a time when crime continues to be at historic lows, and scrutiny of law enforcement at historic highs, there is nothing more critical than to manufacture the next fear upon which to expand our appreciation of how police are on the job to protect and serve.

“There’s still an element of violence,” Maddalena said. “There’s less head-to-head competition. They’re attacking the government.”

This violence can be more directly related to the crime, not like a drive-by shooting over a turf war that injures dozens. A postmaster killed over a key to open the P.O. boxes in Florida. In a Manhattan case, authorities found a scrap of paper in the pocket of a gang shooting victim that had the identification of another person.

“There’s often violence surrounding the crime, but not necessarily in committing the crime,” said David Szuchman, chief of the investigation division at the district attorney’s office in Manhattan.

And that’s because the same street crews who brought bloodshed to the streets have turned to cyber crime, and bring what?  A postmaster being killed hardly demonstrates that there is “often violence.”  Indeed, it demonstrates nothing more than there being one person killed.

As officials crack down on one type of scam, criminals move on to the next. Gang members learn the craft from each other — but many are also millennials, “raised in a computer age, and they know how to use it,” said Lt. Greg Besson of the NYPD’s financial crimes task force.

The nation’s largest police department has revamped how it responds to financial crimes after officials started noticing street crews with recoded credit cards. Now, the grand larceny division brings in detectives from the gang unit and other divisions to work together.

What’s notable is that this new hysteria links the old school characterization of financial crime, the white collar distinction that one can steal with a pen (now a keyboard) as well as a gun, with street gangs.  The mere mention of street gangs is enough to strike fear into the hearts of many.

That some have turned their attention away from macadam to the virtual street should, in a more rational world, suggest that things are getting better. It’s not like they’re going to hit an old lady over the head to steal her purse.  Instead, they will steal her social security check when she downloads that file about how to claim her gazillion dollar prize.  Sure, she loses money, but at least she’s alive and unharmed. Isn’t that something to appreciate?

So what’s the deal with this nonsensical conflation of violence and computer theft?  The public has lost its zeal for sentences of life plus cancer. Politicians are calling for faux reforms to make us believe that they’re doing something, limiting the rhetoric to the adored non-violent offender at the expense of everyone else. And the public is pretty good with that.

The answer, for the benefit of appreciating how law enforcement is still needed to protect us, is to create the impression that crimes perceived as white collar can still be just as violent as actual violent crimes.  Then we’ll embrace the need for stiffer sentences, more intrusive law enforcement needs to find these killers on computers, greater appreciation of how the police will protect us from those gang members sneaking into our children’s bedrooms at night through their iPads.

The Outlaw Gangsta Crips in Brooklyn made about $500,000 this year in a paycheck fraud scheme that involved obtaining a legitimate paycheck and then using the information to create and quickly cash phony checks before they were taken down. But they also robbed check-cashing stores and were charged with conspiracy to kill two people, authorities said. Most cases are pending.

In Union County, New Jersey, the 111 Neighborhood Crips made tens of thousands in fake tax returns — and four of the 12 indicted this summer were also charged with murder and attempted murder in separate incidents. Their cases are pending.

To the extent there’s violence, it’s neither white collar nor virtual.  You see, you can’t shoot someone through a computer.  But that won’t stop the “plague” of fear being stirred up by these conflated allegations, and by adding violence to the mix of computer crime, they’ve distinguished it from the myth of the non-violent criminal for whom sympathy is growing, and given us a brand new reason to be afraid, very afraid.

And when we’re afraid, we certainly don’t want the police to be prevented from saving us by the evils of encryption and computer privacy.  After all, these are violent criminals. They must be stopped.

H/T Mike Paar


Discover more from Simple Justice

Subscribe to get the latest posts sent to your email.

17 thoughts on “The Violence of the Computer Gangs

  1. drouse

    One could speculate that Bratton is attempting a preemptive defense. The odious Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act was prevented from passing on its own and was attached to the Omnibus bill funding the government. I think that he is spreading a little FUD in advance of it becoming common knowledge.

      1. the other rob

        Yes, this is definitely political. The ad-hoc nature of so-called cybercrime gangs has been a long established feature of the literature. See, for example, Susan W Brenner and some other scholar who’s name I can’t remember right now but always mangle into a Star Trek reference on the occasions that I do recall it. “Mafias of the moment”, etc.

        As you say, this is old news, so if it’s suddenly front and center it’s in service of another agenda.

  2. mb

    It’s really sad how these narratives, in implying that criminal victimization is randomly distributed across the population, ensure that whatever response is generated invariably targets those least in need of protection. We’ve got the most absurdly paternalistic standards of conduct imaginable, enforced only to protect college girls because sexual assault exists. We’re about to create a whole bunch of make work diversity officer jobs for kids whose dads make seven figures, because black people have been shot by cops. Now we’re told that there are people who commit assault and also commit identity theft. I predict that this time next year, we’ll be creating sentence enhancements for crimes where the victims’ credit score is above 750.

    1. the other rob

      It’s not so much actively propounding random distribution as it’s caution about generalising from incomplete data sets. The warning is right there on the front page of every single NIBRS report. This won’t change as long as half the country is on SRS and the other half’s on NIBRS.

      That said, the effect is probably the same, as you say.

        1. the other rob

          Sorry. The feds operate a statistics program called Uniform Crime Reports (UCR). There are two formats whereby law enforcement agencies may submit data on recorded crimes. The older, more widespread format is the Summary Reporting System (SRS). The newer, less widely used, format is the National Incident Based Reporting System (NIBRS). Some forces use one, some use the other.

          The big advantage of NIBRS, when considering so-called cybercrime, it that it has a field (not present in the SRS) for items that the offender is alleged to have used in the commission of the crime and “A computer” is a valid datum for that field.

          This, in theory, means that it might be possible to compile meaningful statistics on Internet enabled crime – none of the statistics currently being bandied about are meaningful in any real sense, rather they all serve some political or corporate agenda.

          The main obstacle to generating useful data is that, because NIBRS is not used nationwide, it is deemed unsafe to generalise from NIBRS data. This caution is applied across the board, but I have a hypothesis that, in the special case of computer assisted crime, Routine Activity Theory suggests that the risk of victimisation depends more upon the victims’ online behaviour than their geographical location. If that hypothesis can be sustained then generalizing from NIBRS data, in this special case only, might be supportable. Sadly, I’m too poor to take several years off work to do the doctoral work of investigating it.

          You, of course, know all of that (aside from the bit about my personal financial situation) but your point that readers might not is well taken and I apologise for my acronymitis.

          1. CJD

            How underused is NIBRS? Provided you have >30 departments, spread over multiple geographic and socioeconomic areas, you should be able to extrapolate national norms pretty easily from those data.

            1. the other rob

              In other words, if the data came from a representative sample of jurisdictions, one could extrapolate from it. Sadly, the caution from the feds states that it does not.

  3. David M.

    Give me 30% of SJ gross earnings or I’ll shoot you with this computer gun.

    Yeah, that got your attention, didn’t it?

    You can mail a check to:

    Cox Administration Building, Room 201
    70 N. Professor St.
    Oberlin, OH 44074

    If you don’t delete this and do exactly as I say, I’ll disguise my IP address, shoot you, and use a variety of ‘nyms to leave hurtful comments.

    1. Jim Tyre

      Give me 30% of SJ gross earnings or I’ll shoot you with this computer gun.

      A check for three cents will be dispatched shortly.

  4. Fubar

    From my forthcoming essay on the tragedy of computers, sex and violence:

    Common bits¹ might be fun, but for more
    than cheap thrills, find an exclusive OR.
    BASIC dilletantes seek
    a quick poke or a peek,
    and COBOL makes brain damage soar!²

    For violence, FORTRAN’s of use.
    Write spaghetti.³ Computed GOTOs
    exceed bounds — it’s a bomb.
    Very few with aplomb
    can defuse it. Debugging’s abstruse!

    Notes:

    1. May our friends of British persuasion forgive this cultural appropriation.
    2. With humblest apologies to the late, great Edsger W. Dijkstra.
    3. Trigger warning: No insult to Italian cuisine intended.

Comments are closed.