Cutting Down the School House Gates

The Avery Doninger case, Connecticut’s contribution to the death of speech for students, has taken yet another turn for the worst according to the New Haven Register.



[Doninger lawyer Jon] Schoenhorn noted Doninger wrote the characterization on her personal blog at home. But in his ruling, issued Jan. 15, Kravitz said in the new age of the Internet, “Off-campus speech can become on-campus speech with the click of a mouse.”



Kravitz also wrote, “Today, students are connected to each other through e-mail, instant messaging, blogs, social networking sites and text messages. An e-mail can be sent to dozens or hundreds of other students by hitting ‘send.’”


Whenever a judge refers to the “new age of the internet,” you can be assured that something bad is about to come.  It’s not the judges don’t like the internet, or don’t use the internet, but they don’t understand the internet and they most assuredly have no respect for it.  Very few judges are of the age that they surf.  Instead, their children surf, or maybe even their grandchildren.  Anything your children or grandchildren do is a game.  It’s not serious.  Whatever pastimes judges enjoy is worthy.  Kids play games.  Argue that golf is a waste of time and a game for idiots, and see how many friends you make in the federal judiciary.

In ruling Judge Mark Kravitz quietly turned the law on its head, all because of the internet.  “Off-campus speech can become on-campus speech with the click of a mouse.”  Not exactly, but close enough to reality to let pass.  The fact that speech, published on the internet, is theoretically accessible anywhere anytime does not make it on-campus anymore than a book published 300 years ago on another continent that sits on the library shelf is transformed into on-campus speech. 

The problem is the paradigm, where accessibility to information is no longer controlled exclusively by the grown-ups, and they just can’t stand it.  Having children, I completely understand, but the solution isn’t to demand that the paradigm shift back to something that fits our past way of thinking, but to adopt to changing realities.  If I can’t control the internet (and I can’t), then I teach my children to exercise good judgment and act accordingly.  I don’t punish them because the world is changing.

The old paradigm as created in Tinker v. Des Moines Indep. Sch. Dist., 393 U.S. 503 (1969), holding that students do not “shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gates.”  This oft-quoted line, of course, hides the true holding, which is that speech changes from free to severely limited as a student passes through those very gates.

The “school gates” language is more than a mere quaint image, a throwback to the days when teachers rapped knuckles with a yardstick.  It provided a physical line for all to see, where the free speech rights of young people turned into the restricted speech rights of students.  According to Judge Kravitz, the internet obliterated this physical line, and in a peculiar way, he’s right.  Communication in the internet again transcends physical boundaries.

Where Judge Kravitz goes wrong is his mistaken effort to extend the restrictions within the gates to the world without, not because free speech for the young is any less precious a right, or because the 1st Amendment to the Constitution contains a hidden, super-secret clause readable only by judges and teachers that eviscerates speech that they don’t like.  Rather, when the schoolhouse gates no longer mark the real world from the school world, then the importance of allowing school officials to control the speech of the young trumps the limitations that once constrained their limited sphere of control.  In short, those gates gave kids a world to speak their mind, and allowed the schools their own turf to control.  Judge Kravitz gave school officials the rest of the universe when he tore the gates down.

As a matter of general principle, one might suppose that freedom of speech would be the ideal that a federal judge would feel most worthy of protection, it being all constitutional and such, rather than the overarching need for school officials to assert control.  Yet Judge Kravitz has chosen to elevate school administration control over the Constitution, a curious choice. 

But is it a choice that was necessary?  Clearly, Judge Kravitz felt that the “schoolhouse gates” analogy fails in the internet age and reflects an archaic barrier to school administration control.  It’s hardly that clear.  Information, communication and speech, as carried on paper, by mouth and in the hearts and minds of students, never respected this firm line.  The difference now isn’t the barrier, but that school administrators were able to learn of out-of-school speech due to their own internet access that historically would have been beyond their purview.  What the internet did was allow administrators to read the communications between students that would previously have been whispered only when they were out of earshot.

Thus, the real distinction is not that the internet has obliterated the “schoolhouse gates” boundary from the student side, but allowed school officials to eavesdrop on their students outside communications, to learn things that had always happened but were previously never available to them.  That these communications have hurt the feelings of the most fragile groups of pseudo-adults around, and thus compelled these officials to do whatever they could to control student thought wherever it happened, hardly seems like much of a reason to end free speech for the young.  Frankly, it seems like a great opportunity to tell school administrators to get a grip and grow up.  Do they think that students will love and respect them because they can smack a student who thinks otherwise?

Neither school administrators, nor a federal judge, is going to stop young people from thinking, and expressing their thoughts to others.  While it makes some sense to allow school officials to keep this out of the hallways, if for no reason than they are expected to maintain a degree of decorum for the protection of those students for whom it would interfere with learning, they cannot control the universe no matter how dearly they might try.  Nor should they. 

If it pains school officials to learn what Avery Doninger thinks of them, don’t look for it and don’t read it.  But the wholesale evisceration of free speech in the name of school administrative control turns respective rights on their heads, and the problem isn’t technology but school administrator sensibility.  If they don’t like what students have to say, either behave better or stop reading.  Don’t blame the transmittal mechanics because someone thinks you’re a douchebag.

And Judge Kravitz really needs to figure out which side of the Constitution demands the protection of a federal judge, no matter how deferential he feels toward school officials.  If he doesn’t care for the schoolhouse gates analogy anymore, let him come up with a better one.  But don’t give school officials the universe.


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5 thoughts on “Cutting Down the School House Gates

  1. SHG

    It comes from the majority decision by Abe Fortas:

     First Amendment rights, applied in light of the special characteristics of the school environment, are available to teachers and students. It can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate. This has been the unmistakable holding of this Court for almost 50 years.

    Justice Fortas went on to write:

    In our system, state-operated schools may not be enclaves of totalitarianism. School officials do not possess absolute authority over their students. Students in school as well as out of school are “persons” under our Constitution. They are possessed of fundamental rights which the State must respect, just as they themselves must respect their obligations to the State. In our system, students may not be regarded as closed-circuit recipients of only that which the State chooses to communicate. They may not be confined to the expression of those sentiments that are officially approved. In the absence of a specific showing of constitutionally valid reasons to regulate their speech, students are entitled to freedom of expression of their views.

    Maybe that part didn’t appear in the Connecticut version of the decision?

  2. Kathleen Casey

    Thanks for the enlightenment. Your comment rounds out the post.

    The CT version reads the same as everywhere I am sure. Some people, students and others, soak up everything teachers and administrators tell them instead of using half a brain, and their free will.

  3. SHG

    You’re right, the quotes in the comment are helpful to understand just how far afield this has all gone.  Thanks for getting me off my butt and adding them.

  4. Deborah Barclay

    Dear Rep Scribner: This bill is a violation of Free Speech. Who defines what ‘coarse language is offenive to an average person’s sensibilities’?

    If I as a CT citizen were to post in the New Haven Register that Rep Scribner was an idiot and should burn in hell? Would I be arrested for a class A misdomeaner?

    That chapter 952 of the general statutes be amended to establish the crime of cyber harassment that occurs when a person, for the purpose of frightening or disturbing another person, transmits or causes the transmission of an electronic communication, or knowingly permits an electronic communication to be transmitted to another person from an electronic communications device under his or her control, (1) using coarse language offensive to a person of average sensibility, (2) anonymously or repeatedly whether or not a conversation occurs, or (3) threatens to commit any felony; and that any person who commits cyber harassment shall be guilty of a class A misdemeanor unless such person is twenty-one years of age or older and the crime is committed against a person under seventeen years of age, in which case such person shall be guilty of a class D felony.

    Statement of Purpose:  To establish the crime of cyber harassment.

    ———— ——— ——— ——— ——— ——— ———–
    Is this the type of American democracy you have come to expect? Define “disturbing” ? “coarse language”? “average sensibility” ? “anonymously” ? “whether or not a conversation occurs”? Are you next?”

    What’s with the politically correct garbage, the euphemisms? They used to use words like “The Jewish Solution.” Euphemisms
    hidding reality. When are we going to stop accepting trickery??

    Had to vent!

    Ms. Barclay,

    Thank you very much for your email. I truly appreciate when constituents take the time to contact me on issues of concern to them.

    Let me begin by stating that it is not, and never has been, my intent to stifle freedom of speech. I have become aware that this proposal has been linked to efforts to obstruct public comment of political officials, so I appreciate your effort to reach out to question my motivation.

    I raised this legislation based on the request of constituents who were involved in a very unfortunate incident involving a Brookfield youth. The proposal in its current form is based on legislation raised in another state. It was filed as a place holder in order to meet established filing deadlines, and is certainly subject to certain change. My ultimate intent is to have it specified to minors as a protection from cyber bullying. Laws currently exist to protect children from abuse and harassment in most realms, I felt it reasonable that the electronic medium be subject to some basic minimum safeguards.

    Again, this legislation was not borne from any goal to prevent political criticism, or free speech, in any way. As a republica

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