According to Dahlia Lithwick and Marc Joseph Stern, people have started calling immigration stops of random Hispanics by the derogatory term “Kavanaugh stops,” referring to Justice Brett Kavanaugh’s concurrence in Noem v. Perdomo.
Here, those circumstances include: that there is an extremely high number and percentage of illegal immigrants in the Los Angeles area; that those individuals tend to gather in certain locations to seek daily work; that those individuals often work in certain kinds of jobs, such as day labor, landscaping, agriculture, and construction, that do not require paperwork and are therefore especially attractive to illegal immigrants; and that many of those illegally in the Los Angeles area come from Mexico or Central America and do not speak much English. Cf. Brignoni-Ponce, 422 U. S., at 884–885 (listing “[a]ny number of factors” that contribute to reasonable suspicion of illegal presence). To be clear, apparent ethnicity alone cannot furnish reasonable suspicion; under this Court’s case law regarding immigration stops, however, it can be a “relevant factor” when considered along with other salient factors.
The uproar over what can kindly be characterized as Kavanaugh’s slopping writing, that while ethnicity alone might not prove sufficient for reasonable suspicion, ethnicity plus some other benign factor, such as presence at Home Deport or working as a landscaper or in construction would suffice. Kav then doubled down by crafting a fantasy scenario of how such stops happened. Continue reading


