When Senior Judge John Kane rejected the plea agreement, not because he had any difficulty with the deal cut as far as the defendant was concerned, but that the government gratuitously threw in the now-ubiquitous waiver of appeal, the Tenth Circuit said no. Judge Kane’s position was that the government provided no additional consideration for the waiver. The Circuit’s view was, “So what? That’s the deal.”
In Garza v. Idaho, the Supreme Court issued one of those head-scratching decisions that gave the appearance of good news while accomplishing little, if nothing, to help. The Court extended the rule of Roe v. Flores-Ortega, that failure of counsel to file a Notice of Appeal was, per se, ineffective assistance of counsel.
This was a significant decision, as if would otherwise fall to the defendant to meet the requirements of Strickland v. Washington to show that counsel’s screw-up, the failure to file the notice, would survive the second-prong of the test, that there was a reasonable probability of a different outcome. In other words, you had to show a probability that you would win the appeal to get the right to appeal. This was not only an absurd burden, but gave cover to inexcusable failure. A first-level appeal is a right, so failure to file a notice is an unjustifiable failure. Continue reading

