Chicago’s New Policy Is Follow The Law

At the Agitator, Radley Balko writes about how Chicago city spokespeople  recorded interviews with journalists without their knowledge or consent.  While that alone wouldn’t likely cause anyone to lose sleep, the point is that this is a crime under Illinois law for which Chicago police have  shown no reluctance to arrest and prosecute people when it comes to recording their antics.  When done by government workers, not so much.

If you work for the government and you violate a the law in order to record journalists who cover the government, you get a gentle “reminder.” If you’re someone like Michael Allison, Tiawanda Moore, or Christopher Drew and you violate a bad law in order to expose government abuse, you get arrested, cuffed, jailed, and charged with felonies.

But what’s a double standard among friends, right?  In the course of the city’s attempt to rationalize away the “mistake” made by their people, however, this came out:



While City Hall acknowledged the two improper September recordings, it insisted they were mistakes.


“What we have told city employees is that our position is that you follow the law,” City Law Department spokesman Roderick Drew said Friday. “And when this issue was brought to the city’s attention, we reminded employees to continue following the law.”


Follow the law? Continue to follow the law?  Rahm Emanuel’s got some ‘splainin’ to do.

In order to “continue” to follow the law, one would have to follow it in the first place.  That anyone in government would utter the words that their position is to follow the law raises a shocking question: was this really in doubt?

The issue raised by the need for such an admonition is fundamentally disturbing. What could possibly give rise to a belief by anyone serving in a governmental capacity that they are entitled to ignore the law? 

Obviously, police understand as a practical matter that they can largely do as they please, since who will arrest them for blowing through a red light to get to the donut shop?  But even the dopiest flatfoot knows he’s not supposed to do it. It’s just a perk of the job, like free coffee and tossing black youths.

But the mayor’s spokesmen are supposed to appreciate that they don’t get to violate the law at will, even if the law is asinine.  And yet, a Law Department spokesman had to tell them otherwise? 

Radley’s point, that the same conduct that resulted in citizens being arrested, cuffed and prosecuted is trivialized as a mere “mistake” when conducted by people who enjoy a Chicago paycheck, feeds anger and cynicism.  And it should.  This is what distinguishes public servants from overlords, and a government that openly shrugs off crime by its own people while prosecuting its citizens forfeits its legitimacy.

At the very least, however, the City of Chicago should demonstrate sufficient shame to admit that its people deliberately broke the law rather than merely were confused as to its official policy of whether they had to follow the law at all.

The only thing that would make this worse is acknowledgement by the citizenry of Chicago that they can understand this “mistake,” as if public employees following the law was a toss-up question.  It’s not. It never was. It can never be.  And yet, it was necessary to make this clear, because city employees maybe thought they didn’t have to follow the law.

If anybody wonders why there are a lot of people who aren’t as trusting of government as the platitudes suggest they should be, this might give them a clue.  Or maybe nothing will give them a clue.






Jury Sends Message to LA Cops: Stop Hurting People

As much as people assume that there will be punishment of some sort down the road for abusive or lying cops, the reality is that little, if anything, happens except in the most extreme cases. The dreams of huge jury awards for violations of civil rights don’t pan out. It’s far more likely that a case will be dismissed on summary judgment than the victim will get enough money to buy a mocha frappucino.  But not always.

At the trial of Allen Harris’ claim against Police Officer Alex Tellez, not only did the jury award the plaintiff $1.6 million for injuries suffered (note, not for rights violated, but physical injury), but they levied a $90,000 award against Tellez personally.  From the LA Times :



Allen Harris, 56, was awarded nearly $1.6 million Wednesday in Los Angeles County Superior Court for his injuries, marking the latest in a long string of seven-figure verdicts against the Los Angeles Police Department for officer misconduct.


On Thursday, the jury returned to court and took the somewhat unusual step of ordering the accused officer, Alex Tellez, to pay an additional $90,000 himself after finding “clear and convincing evidence” he acted maliciously toward Harris, according to court records.

One of the foremost issues that angered the jury was the testimony of ten cops, each of whom couldn’t remember much of anything.



All of the officers testified that they did not know who had handcuffed Harris, according to both juror Gayle Chavkin and Harris’ attorney. The officers also claimed under oath that Harris, a stroke victim who walks with a pronounced limp, showed no signs of being disabled during the encounter, the attorney and juror said.


“It was the same testimony over and over and over: ‘I don’t recall. I don’t recall,’ ” Chavkin said. “They were clearly just closing ranks…. It felt untruthful to us. Somebody matching Officer Tellez’s description handcuffed Mr. Harris that day and hurt him.”

Perhaps the message is getting through to jurors, that rather than look away when cops are conveniently less than forthright on the stand, they need to be held as accountable, if not more, for facile perjury?

The background to the incident is, sadly, typical, a raid that yielded nothing except indignity and injury to an innocent man.


The verdict stems from a November 2009 case in which the LAPD was investigating an armed robbery of a store where one of Harris’ sons worked. The son was a suspect in the crime, and the detective investigating the case obtained a warrant to search the Inglewood apartment Harris shared with his son.

When officers serving the warrant knocked on the apartment door early Nov. 10, the son answered and was quickly taken into custody, Harris and his attorney, V. James DeSimone, said in an interview. Officers then entered the apartment and ordered Harris to put his hands up, turn around and walk backward toward the officers, Harris said.


Harris put his right arm up and told the officers repeatedly that he was unable to follow their commands because of his disability, he said. Ignoring his pleas, an officer Harris later identified as Tellez clamped a cuff around his left wrist, pulled him out of the apartment and forced both his arms behind his back to fully handcuff him.

Nothing was found and Harris’ son was never charged. That, of course, doesn’t mean that the police would treat Harris, a step removed from the potential criminal, as a threat to their safety and, exercising the First Rule of Policing, make certain that he was both incapacitated and cowed by their might. Nothing makes that clearer than some needless pain inflicted on a disabled stroke victim whose condition couldn’t tolerate their physical demands.

But who really cares? When it comes to raiding homes and asserting absolute control over someone, collateral damage is sure to follow. That’s the price of LA freedom.

That the jury was sufficiently outraged by the police attempt to conceal who harmed Harris by circling the blue wagons and professing ignorance reflects an interesting potential shift in public perception.  How rare is it that the public, who comprise juries, simply refuses to accept that the police lie on the witness stand?  While this jury may not have gone quite that far, they went far enough to conclude that the ten cops who couldn’t recall anything weren’t being truthful. That’s pretty good.

And from that starting point, accepting the plaintiff’s contention that Tellez was the cop who needlessly clamped on cuffs so tight as to cause Harris nerve damage, the jury reached a second conclusion: that he did so maliciously.  Despite Harris (and remembering that he was not the target of the warrant, but merely the target’s father) plea to the cops that he was disabled and couldn’t physically comply with their demands, the officer imposed his will on him anyway.



In ordering Tellez to pay the $90,000 in punitive damages, Chavkin said jurors felt “we needed to send a message that this is not right — don’t ever do this again. We felt there needed to be a consequence for him disregarding Mr. Harris’ pleas.”

While the award will no doubt be appealed, and it’s dubious whether a punitive damages award will be sustained, and even if it is, whether it will be held against the officer rather than paid by the government, it remains an important message to cops.  Don’t inflict needless harm for fun. Just don’t harm someone for no reason.

Then again, it’s one jury and one award.  Hopefully, the thought of a $90 grand hit will echo through the ranks of LAPD, giving pause to officers who have a choice to make when they can either do their job or do needless harm.  Or the union will rail against how crazy juries like this put cops’ life at risk by making them hesitate before needlessly harming innocent people. 

While I hope this verdict reflects something larger than a one-off jury disinclined to embrace police testimony and concerned that a man not be needlessly harmed, it may well be nothing more than that, or a left coast jury that fails to reflect the sensibilities that good Americans elsewhere maintain.  To the extent this post reflects ambivalence, or perhaps smells a bit aspirational, it’s because I remain doubtful that people are coming to any meaingful realization about police culture and misconduct. I want it to happen, but that doesn’t mean it will.









The Myth of Legal Populism

Alternate Title: Handing a loaded gun to children.

I swear I don’t go looking for problems, but somehow they find me.  A relative sent over a series of documents purchased online, the core of which was a special needs trust, and I was asked to take a look.  The documents were purchased from a business that was certified as a “legal document preparer,” the principal of which had proud experience selling cars bearing high-end marques.  He was not a lawyer, and at the end of his small-print disclaimer, admitted so.  He was offering no legal advice, he said.

The fee for the documents was, well, high. Very high, given that these were fill-in-the=blank forms, prepared once and then resold to anyone willing to pay.  It was not substantially less than had these documents been obtained from a lawyer, who would have been capable of providing legal advice, but the seller gave the impression that purchasing the docs from him would be substantially cheaper.  And, he explained, anybody could fill in the blanks, so there was no need for legal advice.  A purchaser could beat the system.

When the docs came to me, they were already filled in. They were lengthy, which is always very impressive to a non-lawyer who can feel weight far easier than quality.  But the fact is that the docs were surprisingly good, well-written and comprehensive.  They came with instructions that were also quite good.  In fairly straightforward language, they explained what the docs meant and what role the various named positions played.  Some of the language in the docs was off, and there were small mistakes, but given the whole, it was excellent work.

And it was a looming disaster.

The existence of fill-in-the-blank documents is hardly as new as its supporters think.  Bloomberg sold legal forms decades ago at stationary stores, which contained all the expected verbiage for basic legal documents.  They were always available for the public to buy, though most of Bloomberg’s customers were lawyers.  You would buy a pad of 50 general releases, or an envelope with all the papers needed for an uncontested divorce. 

Some business owners used the forms for their recurring needs, but for the most part, people left the forms to the lawyers. They understood that the form wasn’t the value, but the advice as to what form to use, how to fill in the blanks, that distinguished the lawyer’s work from the piece of paper.

Testamentary documents are among the most serious legal papers around, not only because they protect our children, but because they can’t be fixed after the testator dies.  Screw up now and it’s too late later.  My relative put names into blanks that seemed to make sense at the time. In doing so, the documents would have created a situation so unwieldy as to be functionally useless, and enormously expensive merely to cover the expenses required by the choices. 

There was a fine set of docs. There was no concept of how to create a cohesive and viable plan to make them work properly. It was a tool without the understanding of how to use it. This is the Utopia of legal futurists, where every person can be their own lawyer with an online form and a printer. It’s a lie.

The virtual lawyer concept was exposed by the success of takedown lawyer David Blade. Not because the virtual lawyer concept didn’t necessarily work, but because David Blade didn’t exist.  It may make your life as a lawyer easier, and enable you to run a practice from Starbucks, but it allows David Blade to do the same. If you care only about what’s in it for you, then you likely couldn’t care less that on the internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.

The sale of legal forms is part of the transparency notion that is so heavily promoted, that if we put all the statutes, caselaw and forms on the internet, people can be their own lawyers. Because any idiot can correctly understand the law. It’s easy. Just ask anyone, and they’ll tell you.

To the extent it might require some additional insight, as if lay interpretation of law might not always be sufficiently clear and precise, the futurists tell lawyers that we should spend out days explaining it to non-lawyers so that they can play lawyer for themselves. The non-lawyers will like us more if we do that, we’re told, and the banks will accept their deep appreciation in lieu of repayment of school loans. Well, maybe not.

Lawyers are expensive. People would much prefer not to pay for legal advice, and the notion is being promoted hard that they shouldn’t have to. It’s a commodity, they’re told. It’s easy. It’s their law, so why should they need lawyers to explain it to them or do it for them? 

The people doing this talking haven’t spent a lot of time holding hands and wiping away tears of real people, who explain that they thought they knew what they were doing but, well, were absurdly wrong. And are now stuck in disastrous litigation, or have so badly screwed up an estate that could have been easily handled. Or are under water on a home with a mortgage that they could never afford to pay. It seemed so easy at the time. It make so much sense to them. And it produced a disaster.

Criminal defendants and their families explain their understanding of the law to us all the time. They have for years. They watch TV, and have what they consider to be a pretty good idea of how things work. And then there was the old lady on the corner who knows all about stuff. They tell us their understanding. And they are utterly clueless.

The law isn’t easy. It isn’t clear. It two lawyers and a judge can’t agree on what the law means, why would a non-lawyer be able to do so?  The law has developed over centuries, and embodies a lot of odd rules (think “fertile octogenarian”)  that only make sense if one understands the context and history. Non-lawyers don’t, and so they couldn’t possibly know that the rules exist or why. They aren’t supposed to know. And yet, they are being handed forms and told that they are just as capable of handling their legal affairs by themselves. And they believe.

We are setting people up for massive failure by telling them a lie. People who naively believe that non-lawyers can manage their legal affairs just fine with a little help are leading them down the path to failure and misery.  Remember all the gurus who ask, “has any client ever been fooled by what a lawyer says online”?  Ask David Blade’s clients.

And when the realization that this fool’s panacea has failed them, left people in misery because they had blanks to fill in without the knowledge to understand how and why, the same non-lawyers who think they got one over on lawyers will hate us even more, blaming us for having lied to them when they were told they could do it all by themselves.

Endnote: This won’t affect my practice, so it’s no skin off my nose if non-lawyers buy their forms online and gain their “knowledge” from websites that offer information they don’t understand.  I have no horse in this race and say this, against a tidal wave of marketers, futurist, technophiles and academics, who are leading non-lawyers to disaster.

“Real” Journalism (Update)

Carlos Miller, who has been perhaps the most important chronicler and advocate for filming and photographing police, was arrested (for the second third time) in Miami for not being sufficiently obsequious to the cops.  And for the second time, he beat the rap. 

The prosecutor’s summation in the case offers a valuable insight into the problem.


The most telling part of my trial yesterday, besides the continuous lies under oath by Miami-Dade Police Major Nancy Perez, was when a frattish looking prosecutor fresh out of law school named Ari Pregen tried to explain to jurors how a “real journalist” was supposed to act.


A real journalist, he explained, was supposed to follow police orders without a second thought. A real journalist would never back talk to police. A real journalist would never question a direct police order as to why he was not allowed to stand on a public sidewalk.


No doubt Assistant State Attorney Ari Pregan, 2010 St. Thomas Law grad  admitted to practice in Florida on November 30, 2011, is sufficiently brilliant to opine on how real journalists are supposed to behave. And he made his argument plain: Real journalists do what they’re told.

Fortunately, Carlos’ lawyer, Santiago Lavandera, offered a different perspective on how “real” journalists behave:



“In this country, when you’re a journalist, your job is to investigate.


Not to be led by your hand where the police want you to see, so they can hide what they don’t want you to see.


No, when you’re a journalist, a real journalist, it’s your job to go find the truth. As long as you are acting within the law as Mr. Miller was, you have the right to demand and say, ‘no, I’m not moving, I have the right to be here. This is a public sidewalk, I have the right to be here.’


He did his job. He has the right to do his job the way he sees fit. It’s not up to these prosecutors to tell anybody, much less an independent journalist, how to do their job. It’s not up to the police officers, it’s not up to a judge or the president.


In this country, journalists do their job the way they see fit.


What’s he describing is Cuba. What he’s describing is a communist country. The government says you can’t be here because I say you can’t be here.


And it’s infuriating to me that a prosecutor would try to get up here and try to convince you that just because a police officer says something, that he has to bow his head and walk away.


That is a disgrace to the Constitution of this country.”

The jury preferred this version of real journalist behavior. Sometimes, they get it right. But ironically, if we’re to judge by what “scholars” have to say on the subject, Lavandera got it wrong and Pregan got it right.

Alex Myers was a journalism student at SUNY Oswego, He learned the hard way.


The student at the center of the latest storm is Alex Myers, an exchange student from Australia who worked as an intern in SUNY Oswego’s Office of Public Affairs (OPA). Myers was also enrolled in an advanced-level course in SUNY Oswego’s journalism department. For one of his class assignments, Myers was given the task of writing a feature on a public figure. Myers chose SUNY Oswego men’s hockey coach Ed Gosek,

In an email to Cornell University hockey coach Michael Schafer, soliciting comment about Gosek, he included the line, “Be as forthcoming as you like, what you say about Mr Gosek does not have to be positive.”  Schafer responded that this line was “offensive,” and so the nightmare began.



The next evening, Myers received a hand-delivered letter from SUNY Oswego President Deborah Stanley, informing him that he was being placed on interim suspension, effective at 6:00 p.m. October 19, and that he would have to vacate his dorm room by that time. The letter also banned him from all campus facilities and informed him that he may be subject to arrest if he came on campus. 

Why, you wonder?  Because the solicitation of an honest response, even if not positive, is not something real journalists do.


Among the behaviors that merit this charge are “harassment,” “intimidation,” “threats,” “conduct which inhibits the peace or safety of members of the College community,” and “retaliation, harassment or coercion.” The charges further stated that:

Specifically: Campus network resources may not be used to defame, harass, intimidate, or threaten another individual or group.

When no one was looking, honest became a a horrible crime in academia, and this is what is being taught to real journalists.  No wonder Ari Pregan’s understanding of how real journalists behave was so, well, constrained. He’s fresh off the campus himself, and has a far better sense of the cultural phenomenon pervading academia criminalizing negativity, whether in the form of speech codes or anti-bullying laws.

Say anything less than fuzzy to a recent grad and they will cry and lash out. This includes journalism students and law students as well.  And don’t even ask about their professors, who can’t a discouraging word.

Carlos was fortunate that his jury preferred the idea of a real journalist being someone who challenged the authority of government.  Whether he would be acquitted with a jury ten years from now, when all our delicate teacups educated to believe that anyone who doesn’t abide authority or has the audacity to utter a negative word, is another matter.

Update: In sharp contrast the prevailing disdain of academics toward free speech, Howard Wasserman has an outstanding post at  Concurring Opinions reflecting at least one scholar’s view that free speech still matters. Well done.








The Price Point of Challenging Bad Law

As much as people think lawyers should be able to stand up in court and expound on any point that serves their cause, the reality is that we are limited by this quaint concept called evidence.  Evidence is stuff that comes from things that a judge accepts as being sufficiently reliable to submit to the factfinder, or the words of a sworn witness. 

When the point requires a witness to offer an opinion or example to make or clarify a point, the witness has to be determined to possess sufficient expertise to be worthy of expressing an opinion.  Contrary to public perception, everybody is not entitled to an opinion in a courtroom. You have to know something first, unless you work in law enforcement, in which case expertise in all things necessary to convict is assumed.  It’s harder for the defense.

Ohio lawyer Dean Boland was an expert witness in child porn cases. Why, and what qualified him, isn’t entirely clear, but he was.  From Wired :



Attorney Dean Boland purchased innocent pictures of two juvenile girls from a Canadian stock-image website, then digitally modified them to make it appear as if the children were engaged in sexual conduct.


Boland was an expert witness for the defense in a half-dozen child porn cases and made the mock-ups to punctuate his argument that child pornography laws are unconstitutionally overbroad because they could apply to faked photos.


Usually, evidence prepared for court is immune from liability, civil or criminal, provided it’s properly related to an action.  Otherwise, it would be impossible to perform basic functions, such as playing child porn to a jury in order to prove the basis of a charge against a defendant, whereas playing it under other circumstances would be criminal.  One would think the same true of Boland’s mock-ups, used only in his expert testimony.  Apparently not.


As a result, in 2007 he found himself the defendant in a deferred federal child-porn prosecution in Ohio, even though his exhibits helped clear at least one client of child-porn-related allegations. Now, a federal appeals court is upholding a $300,000 verdict in a lawsuit brought by the parents of two of the girls whose images Boland doctored.

And the Sixth Circuit upheld this award despite the fact that the images were never seen by anyone outside of a courtroom, and the child models (and their parents) in the stock photos never knew about it until the FBI paid them a visit to inform them.



Boland argued that he was immune from such a lawsuit because, among other reasons, he’d created the images for use in court, never distributed them, and that the First Amendment protected him.


But the court ruled that it was immaterial that Boland never displayed the images outside of court and never transmitted them electronically.


“The creation and initial publication of the images itself harmed Jane Doe and Jane Roe, and that is enough to remove Boland’s actions from the protections of the First Amendment,” the appeals court ruled.


It remains far beyond my comprehension how any person finds child porn titillating. It is fundamentally disgusting and repulsive. Yet, overbroad laws, even in the realm of child porn, must be addressed, making this perhaps the only justifiable basis for the creation of fake child porn, so show how easily a porn can be manufactured that doesn’t involve any sexual conduct by a child.

Given that Boland was prosecuted (even though it resulted in a deferred prosecution) and held civilly liable for damages, what is the likelihood of anyone being willing to take the witness stand in the challenge to a vague and overbroad law?  And if they don’t take the stand, there is no evidence upon which to argue the cause. 

In upholding the damage award, the 6th Circuit offered this rationale:


In today’s digital world, any image is “primed for entry into the distribution chain” of underground child pornographers. Hotaling, 634 F.3d at 730 (citing Osborne v. Ohio, 495 U.S. 103, 110 (1990)). Even if Doe and Roe never see the images, the specter of pornographic images will cause them “continuing harm by haunting [them] in years to come.” Osborne, 495 U.S. at 111. As a result, it is immaterial that Boland never displayed these images outside of a courtroom and never transmitted them electronically.

The “specter”?  Specter is a scary word, but meaningless. How will it harm them? How will it haunt them? The children in the images Boland used would never have known had the FBI not knocked on their parents’ doors and told them. No one, outside of the courtroom, would have ever seen the simulated images but for the FBI flashing them to the parents. If there is a specter here, it’s wearing an FBI jacket.  If anything haunts these parents and children, it happened at the hand of the FBI. 

Should Boland have created these simulated child porn images at all?  The fact is that it’s enormously more powerful to make a point through physical examples, images, then just words. The effectiveness of Boland’s testimony was certainly far greater because he could show, not just tell, his point. 

Was it fair to the two innocent child models of the stock images used to create simulated porn? No.  Perhaps he could have gotten images from someone with permission, or used his own children’s pictures for that matter.  The children in the stock images didn’t ask to become part of Boland’s testimony, and the idea that their images were morphed into child porn is, well, deeply disturbing at best.  So it was a poor choice.

But was it worthy of criminal or civil liability?  As long as the images never made their way from the well of the courtroom to, well, anywhere else in the world, then the answer has to be no. Even though it was a bad move, no one was harmed by it, and no damages were suffered. Indeed, more suffering ensued from the FBI’s conduct than Boland’s. 

And yet, the next time the defense needs an expert witness in a case involving child porn, what are the chances that anyone will be willing to take the risk, or able to provide sufficiently effective testimony to make this nuanced legal point?  Unless they are prepared to pay up $150,000 per child, slim. Slim, indeed.


H/T Fritzmuffknuckle

 






 

Fighting Tats

I am not a fan of tattoos, but that’s just my sensibility. Your mileage may vary. Despite tats not being quite my taste, there is one thing they are not: a terrorist threat.  Except in Minneapolis, where spokesman Sgt. Bill Palmer (where  have I heard that name before?) saw it clearly:

“The tattoo is certainly a new one,” said Minneapolis police spokesman Sgt. Bill Palmer. “It’s a new one on me. … This threat certainly isn’t subtle.”

The “threat,” which Hennepin County police learned about from the Facebook page of 20-year-old Antonio Frasion Jenkins Jr., who thought all those hits were from people who liked him, was neither pretty nor, as Sgt. Palmer observed subtle.  From the Star Tribune :



The tattoo on Jenkins’ left bicep depicts a person holding a semi-automatic handgun with the barrel of the gun partially in the mouth of a pig, according to a criminal complaint. The tattoo includes the officer’s name (although it’s misspelled), his badge number and an expletive directed at police. The Facebook post on Jenkins’ page also includes a message about the tattoo: “My tattoo iz a pig get’n his brains blew out.” According to the criminal complaint, 18 people gave the post a “thumbs-up” (or “like”) response

And he paid to have this done to him. Notably, the expletive wasn’t just any expletive, but a “vile” expletive. That certainly changes things, causing the prosecutor to put on his serious face.


Hennepin County District Attorney Mike Freeman said: “It’s real and it’s serious.”

And so, Jenkins was charged with incredibly poor judgment in permanently defacing his body “making terrorist threats (for the benefit of a gang).”  Nowhere in the article is there any suggestion that the whole courtroom had a good laugh, and Jenkins was released and given a ride home.  To the contrary, Jenkins was a gangbanger, and tats on gangbangers are much more threatening.  If pictures could kill.

Into the breach stepped the ACLU.


The ACLU’s [Chuck] Samuelson says no.

He conceded that police have a known bad guy who is indicating strong disapproval of this police officer. “But to make the stretch to terroristic threats is a big leap,” Samuelson said. “For terroristic threats you have to brandish a gun or a gun lookalike. … Basically we have someone making fun of the police.”

“Bad manners, you bet,” he said. “Criminal? No.”


What distinguishes this arrest, this charge, isn’t that a delicate police officers whose feelings were hurt by a person who cursed in his presence and made him feel badly about his choice of careers. That happens regularly, and cops wrap it up in a pretty bow with a few added details of conduct that, if not proven false by video or witnesses, makes out the arguable existence of an offense. 

Here, however, there is no additional allegation of any action by Jenkins, aside from some bragging about his tat.  This time, the police felt that the mere image, the existence of this tattoo, was enough to establish a crime.  They didn’t even try to bury their true feelings in claims that make out a putative offense.

This is bad. That the prosecutor didn’t laugh at it and tell them to go have a cup of camomile tea is bad. That the judge didn’t rip the prosecution a new one for having wasted the court’s time, that is bad.  Bad, bad, bad.

And that a person, even an alleged gangbanger (a status so hated by police as to itself be tantamount to a terrorist threat even in the absence of any conduct that constitutes a crime) is being prosecuted because an incredibly ugly image on his body makes the cops feel angry and hurt, not to mention disrespected, goes well over the line.  There is no crime here, except against good taste. 

And when the mere existence of expressive speech so offends the cops that they deem it worthy, in itself, to establish a crime, and the rest of the system goes along with it as if it wasn’t batshit ridiculous, we open a whole new door to the criminal justice system, things that piss off police and things that make police frightened.

Sticks and stone, cops. Now go drink some tea and let Jenkins loose.  If he’s such a bad guy, he’ll eventually do something that will actually justify an arrest. In the meantime, he already has to suffer the indignity of this butt-ugly tattoo. Isn’t that enough?



H/T Ed at Blawg Review

The $99 Solution

In the past week, Carolyn Elefant wrote a post at My Shingle  promoting the idea of new lawyers charging $99 per hour, and then a second  addressing some of the criticism of the idea.  At its core, her point was that it’s better to make a barely livable wage than starve.

Short term survival matters, even if it comes at the expense of longer term concerns.  It’s not that the idea is a good one, but rather that a young lawyer who earns enough to survive today has a chance to do better tomorrow.  If he doesn’t survive, then what difference does the future make?

But the mindset behind survival isn’t limited to lawyers.  It’s become the American way, and it repeats itself in almost every aspect of the fabric of our lives.  Consider that a poll found that 30% of Americans are willing to undergo TSA cavity searches if it means survival.  Forget, for the moment, that survival for lawyers is hard economic fact, while survival for airplane travelers is a product of mindless fear.  To the person who believes, it’s real.

Via Turley :



The survey was conducted online by Harris Interactive on behalf of Infowars from November 5-7 among 2059 American adults. People were asked: “Given the recent reports concerning the threat posed by terrorists who plan to implant bombs within their own bodies, how willing, if at all, would you be to undergo a TSA body cavity search in order to fly?” Thirty percent said yes.

A few years ago, the idea that we would eventually reach the point of cavity searches was something of a joke.  Not so funny anymore, is it?

There are various groups of Freedom Lovers and Tyranny Fighters who send me emails about their view of this country and their notions to change it.  For the most part, things like jury nullification, trust in their fellow countrymen and the coming revolution against the oligarchy make up their dreams of a brighter future.

They’re well-intended, but sadly mistaken.  Their fellow countrymen will be the first to throw them to the lions for their own self-interest.  It’s heart-warming to read of their hope and faith in humanity, but they tend not to spend much time watching what people are up to. It’s not that they are mean or horrible people, but they aren’t prepared to sacrifice their own interests for the sake of others. 

And if that means that give in to their fears, believe what the government is selling and are prepared to pull down their knickers for safety, so be it.  You see, you can’t worry about such ethereal concepts as liberty and freedom if your body is blown into a million pieces by a terrorist bomb.  Survival first. 

And if their survival happens to give away some of your rights, causing the sound of snapping latex to be heard throughout airports across this nation, that’s the price of being an American, land of the free and home of the brave.  Well, at least home of the people who weren’t blown up by a butt-bomb.

Carolyn’s argument in favor of $99 per hour fees is a tiny piece of a larger puzzle being sold on the shoulders of a declining legal economy, giving rise to fear.  Much of the fear is justified, and those who use it to bootstrap ideas that have superficial appeal into the “new normal” without any basis for their predictions of doom without it, or that it solves the economic problems plaguing the profession, have a ready audience of hungry and desperate lawyers looking for anything that offers a promise of survival. 

Over the past week,  Jordan Furlong at Law21 has been posting daily about the “evolution of the legal services market.”  On the one hand, Jordan is a very smart guy, usually obscured by his reliance on jargon and insipid verbiage in his writing.  On the other hand, Jordan’s predictions invariably invoke false allegations of fact and take huge leaps of reason to get to where he wants to go.  They sound reasonable to the unwary, but can’t withstand scrutiny.  And yet, he’s made a name for himself as a legal futurist, and scared lawyers embrace him.

The recurring themes, whether in the legal profession’s willingness to try anything to survive or the public’s willingness to let a guy who worked at Dairy Queen last week stick his finger up their anus in the name of survival, are apparent.  Turley speaks of a nation whose expectations are being constantly reduced, to the point were we will accept pretty much any degradation with resignation.

The law has become like that too.  And if lawyers are ready to accept the $99 solution, we can hardly be relied upon to defend the rights, freedoms and liberties of society.  If that’s the case, then we’re not even worth the $99 per hour.  If the downward spiral of expectations, desperation and resignation doesn’t change with lawyers, then there isn’t much hope that anyone else will lift a finger to do anything about it.

Hear that sound?  That’s the sound of latex snapping. It sounds just like counting to 99.





Blame the 12-Year-Old Student

Kristen Cunnane is 30 years old today, but was a mere child of 12 when she was  abused by teachers at Moraga Middle School. 

Cunnane was sexually abused by two Moraga middle school teachers in the 1990s, one of them over a four-year period. She sued the district, retired Joaquin Moraga Intermediate School principal Bill Walters, retired assistant principal Paul Simonin and retired superintendent John Cooley in Contra Costa Superior Court, saying they repeatedly ignored allegations of abuse, allowing her and other students to be victimized.


Former Joaquin Moraga P.E. teacher Julie Correa pleaded guilty to rape and sexual battery against Cunnane over a four-year period beginning in 1996, when Cunnane was an eighth-grader. Cunnane said Correa groomed her after she confided in her that Joaquin Moraga science teacher Daniel Witters had molested her. Witters committed suicide shortly after a group of girls came forward with allegations in 1996, and police stopped investigating him criminally after that.


The Moraga School District’s response to the suit?



The district and three other defendants claim Cunnane “was herself responsible for the acts and damages of which she claims,” in the Oct. 24 legal filing.


“Carelessness and negligence on (Cunnane’s) part proximately contributed to the happenings of the incident and to the injuries, loss and damages,” they claim.


After all, shouldn’t the 12-year-old student bear the responsibility for being so enticing to adult teachers under the supervision of school administrators? Lolita much? 

The district’s response drew obvious outrage, so the district doubled down to justify this utterly outrageous response.



The school district’s attorney said Thursday that the language used as part of its legal stance was appropriate and necessary at the start of such a civil case with significant financial ramifications. The response did not specify how Cunnane was “negligent” or “responsible” for the abuse.


Louis Leone said “every potential defense” must be raised in such legal filings, “since failure to do so results in a waiver of the defense.”


“It is imperative that all possible defenses be raised at this point in time. As more facts become known, the district will then reassess its defenses,” the Walnut Creek attorney said.


A very cautious, lawyerly reaction, but for two crucial problems. First, the abuse occurred nearly 20 years ago, and to the extent the district doesn’t know the facts as yet, someone over there is brain dead.  Second, regardless of the facts, there is no argument to be made, no scenario described, no details parsed, that could conceivably shift any responsibility whatsoever from the teachers who raped and molested Cunnane onto a 12-year-old student.  It doesn’t matter if she ripped off her clothes and threw herself atop the teachers.  They are still totally responsible for what they did to a child.

The protection of their charges is a fundamental argument used by school districts to justify the mindless enforcement of their beloved rules, where embrace of such simplistic concepts as zero tolerance draws the cheers of parents until their baby is involved or where the result is so ridiculously absurd that not even the most brickheaded mommy can ignore the inapplicability. 

And yet, the Moraga School District has allowed its lawyer, perhaps even compelled its lawyer, to answer the complaint by alleging that the fault for the rape of its student by its teacher is the child’s fault.  It’s hard to reconcile.  It’s reduces pedagogical excuses to a joke.

These are the same governmental units that pontificate about the blight of bullying, violence and sexual contact, all too happy to throw students off the ledge for calling someone fat, or drawing a picture of a gun with a crayon, or hugging another student.  They have to, they claim, because it’s their responsibility to protect students. It’s their sacred duty. 

Yet, when put to the test by Cunnane, the knee-jerk reaction is to blame the child who was raped.

The district’s lawyer’s explanation for his outrageous allegations will likely evoke a circumspect reaction from some civil defense lawyers, who may explain that it’s not to be taken too seriously, but just included in the district’s answer in “an excess of caution.”  After all, the argument that a defense not stated is waived is certainly accurate, and it might be negligent of the lawyer to fail to include a potential defense, no matter how absurd. 

This is true, yet utterly wrong.  At best, it reflects the worst of lawyers, so overly cautious as to rationalize the outlandish possibility that the child can be at fault for being raped by a teacher.  At worst, it reflects how cynical lawyers have become in their zeal to win at any cost.  The allegation that a 12-year-old (notice how many times I mention Cunnane’s age in this post?) can ever be responsible for being molested by her teachers goes far beyond frivolous. 

The lawyer and district should not only be sanctions for raising such a defense. but should be ousted from any position of trust forever for even considering such a claim.  If anything, the fact that students were being raped and molested at the Moraga Middle School, and that pleas for help were ignored, is bolstered by the fact that the district would even consider such a defense.

One would hope that most school districts, most administrators, most teachers, and most lawyers, would be disgusted by what happened here. And yet, the fact that a school district, any school district, would attempt to shift liability off its shoulders by putting it on the back of a 12-year-old student is beyond belief.  To the extent that school personnel might have claimed entitlement to the benefit of the doubt before, unless they condemn the tactics of the Moraga School District in this case, they have forfeited any claim of righteousness.  As for the Moraga School District, they are scum.

H/T Fritzmuffknuckle

A Lawyer, Like David Blade

During my powerless, cold hiatus,  Marc Randazza did a bit of digging into a website that posted naked photos of people with names and some personal information, and then offered the services of “takedown lawyer” David Blade, who guarantees success.

Marc offered takedown lawyer David Blade the opportunity to establish that he was a real lawyer, and received nonsensical threats in return.  You see, no lawyer by the name of “David Blade” could be found, even though he had a website that proclaimed him a lawyer and was taking money from people on the internet for representing them.  His excuse?



I work as a Public Defender for the State of New York. I’m a real attorney – not an ‘internet lawyer’.

And people pay him $250 via paypal for his guaranteed service of getting their naked photos removed from the site.  As Randazza later concluded, takedown lawyer David Blade and the owner of the website were the same person. Shocking, right?  Just your basic internet scam. There’s plenty more about the scam at  The Legal Satyricon and Popehat, so read up there for the full flavor.

So you’re a lawyer strutting your stuff on the internet too. You’re screwing with people by concealing your date of admission, or perhaps promoting your wins without mention of your losses. You rationalize your social media self-promotion through situational ethics, where you’re only obliged to be honest when it suits your marketing needs, all the time pretending that you’re every bit as ethical as all the other lawyers.  Lawyers like, well, David Blade.

You see, on the internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. The victims of the scam website turned to “takedown lawyer” David Blade, paid him money, and believed they had hired a lawyer to help them when all they really did was pay off a scammer.

Of course, this has nothing to do with you, right? After all, you really are a lawyer. You went to law school. You passed the bar. You have the legal authority to call yourself a lawyer and to represent people, and be paid for your services.  Because David Blade doesn’t exist, and you do. You’re real. He’s not.

Except on the internet, nobody knows you’re a dog. Or a lawyer. Or David Blade.  On the internet, anyone can fake it, lie through their teeth and take money from unsuspecting victims of fraud, extortion and scams. To lawyers, the David Blade scam may seem relatively transparent.  To non-lawyers, however, it looked real enough, and frankly, it wasn’t a lot different than what many lawyers do and say about themselves on the internet to make a quick buck.  So what if his language was off. Non-lawyers aren’t sufficiently familiar with our jargon to recognize it, and it was close enough to be believable to at least 42 victims.

Promoters of the “new normal,” the use of social media as the path to fame and riches for lawyers, regularly argue that clients aren’t fooled by lying lawyers on the web.  Clients aren’t that stupid, they say. Well, it’s not a matter of clients being stupid, but a matter of the ease with which lies abound online.  David Blade. 

And this is called “transparency,” where anyone can write anything, immune from scrutiny, or perhaps add  some cool pictures to pretend they have an actual law firm, and is supposed to open up a new world of opportunity for clients to find lawyers and decide whether they’re the right lawyer for them.  Like David Blade. 

After being outed by Randazza, the “takedown lawyer” changed his website to the “takedown hammer.”  But it’s still there, still using the internet to deceive and scam victims out of money. 

Does the fact that a non-existent lawyer can make money on the internet disturb you or delight you? Does this show that if you will only go low enough, win the race to the bottom, you too can make money on the internet?  Is David Blade the type of lawyer you want to be?

But of course, this has nothing to do with you, right? You’re a real lawyer. You would never slime up the internet by desperately crafting websites suggesting anything false, misleading or concealing, right?  And all the legal futurist guru’s tell you that this is the how the practice of law in the future is going to be, so that makes it totally acceptable to do anything you have to do to make a buck.  Virtual lawyering. Unbundling. Low-balling.

And you’re nothing like David Blade.  Maybe a little jealous that he’s making money as a lawyer and he doesn’t even exist, because on the internet, nobody knows you’re a dog.





NY Criminal Defense Lawyers, Now Taking In Laundry

The New York Court of Appeals  has upheld the Bloomberg plan to  reduce private indigent defense under 18B of the County Law. From the New York Law Journal :



The panel attorneys were to be called on when primary providers, such as the Legal Aid Society of New York City, were faced with a conflict most often posed by multiple defendants being charged in the same crime. In those instances, Legal Aid lawyers would represent one of the defendants and the others would be assigned to other providers or to assigned private counsel.

The Bloomberg administration’s 2008 plan called for more of the “conflict representation” cases to be handled by institutional providers under competitively bid contracts. The administration argued before state courts that its plan would still retain some participation by the bar associations, but that it could save significant amounts of money.

Essentially, this means that 18B lawyers, private attorneys who take on indigent defense cases when conflicts arise with the primary public defender, will now come at the end of the line, with each institutional public defender being required to take on secondary, tertiary, whatever, defendants. Only after the institutional defenders run out will the remaining defendants be farmed out to 18B lawyers.

The institutional defenders love this deal as it means they get more money, which isn’t a bad thing in itself. They need more money. They have long needed a lot more money. But it comes with a price.

I’ve never been a fan of the way 18B was handled, as it became welfare for lawyers. Far too many fed on 18B, unable to get honest work from paying clients and calling themselves “private” despite the majority, if not totality, of their revenue derived from government checks. If a lawyer handled enough 18B cases, and charged imaginatively, he could make a pretty good living off the work.  Mind you, he couldn’t actually do the work, but he could recite the plea mantra in his sleep.

That 18B was handled in an ill-conceived way, however, doesn’t mean that its effective death isn’t a travesty for the criminal defense bar.  The ramifications will be huge, and I suspect that even Mayor Bloomberg, who only saw cost savings when he changed the RFP, and the institutional defenders, who see revenue opportunity, will come to regret this decision.

The problem is that the end (or even substantial reduction) in 18B work will cause a great many criminal defense lawyers to be incapable of earning sufficient income to maintain a dedicated practice, forcing them to find other work, whether within or without the law. By shifting into other legal niches, the general skill and knowledge will be reduced, as they spend more time learning about house closings than the latest caselaw.

Similarly, new entrants into criminal defense will have no safety net to sustain them until they get on their feet and establish a clientele. The former ADAs and Legal Aid lawyers, who always assumed they could bid their old jobs adieu and hang out a criminal defense shingle will find only a silent phone and no 18B work to tide them over. 

This will leave an old guard of private criminal defense lawyers intact, who will likely benefit from others dropping out of the practice area to find work to feed their families, but they aren’t necessarily interested in the bread and butter work that some 18B lawyers would take, and these clients won’t qualify for indigent defense and will become the fodder of former criminal defense lawyers or the faux criminal defense lawyers who exist only in their website claims. 

The old guard will die off, as they must, and there will be too few upcoming lawyers who have honed their skills in the trenches doing lower level work, and sustained by 18B work, to take their place.  The practice area of dedicated criminal defense law cannot sustain itself unless its practitioners have the time to develop and the ability to sustain themselves in the process. 

Without 18B, the competition will be brutal and natural (or deceptive internet marketing) selection will devastate the corps.  And before anyone takes this as an endorsement of internet marketing, the race to the bottom will pick up speed, until the lawyer with the nicest legs in hotpants wins. It will get ugly.

My fear is that this change will devastate the New York City criminal defense bar for a generation, if not permanently.  And once the bar finds itself inadequate for the task of defending the accused, and 80% of all defendants are represented by institutional defenders, and the government decides that it doesn’t want to pay much to cover these miscreants’ miserable butts, what becomes of the remainder of the criminal defense bar, now in the employ of institutional defenders, when the plug gets pulled and the salaries fall to poverty level? 

Where you gonna go, lawyers?

Where you gonna go, defendants?

Game. Set. Match.